Reviewing the patient's report of laboratory test results as provided, the nurse realizes that which results are critical for the patient with a decreased level of consciousness?
1. glucose and serum osmolality
2. sodium and potassium levels
3. sodium and white blood cell count
4. glucose and white blood cell count
Correct Answer: 1
Blood glucose is measured immediately when coma or decreased LOC is of unknown origin. When the glucose falls to less than 50 mg/dL, cerebral function declines rapidly and hypoglycemia should be suspected. Serum osmolality of less than 250 mOsm/kg H2O leads to cerebral edema and swelling, impairing consciousness. The other lab values are normal.
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