Describe how Sorce, Emde, Campos, and Klinnert (1985) used the visual cliff procedure to obtain evidence that infants can understand the meaning of basic facial emotions
What will be an ideal response?
These researchers placed 12-month-old infants on the shallow side of a visual cliff apparatus and an attractive toy
on the deep end. As the infants approached the deep side, they looked to their mothers for guidance. The mothers
had been instructed by the researchers to show either a happy, sad, interested, angry, or fearful facial expression.
The results of their study showed that none of the infants would cross to the deep side when the mothers showed
fear. However, many of the infants crossed to the deep side when their mothers showed interest or happiness. Some
of the infants crossed when their mothers displayed either anger or sadness. These results were interpreted as
indicating that the infants could not only discriminate between facial expressions of emotion, but they could also
use these different emotional expressions to obtain information to guide their own behavior.
You might also like to view...
Approximately what percentage of adults in the United States are obese?
A. one-quarter B. one-half C. one-third D. three-quarters
Personality is someone's behavior, feelings, and __________
a. genes b. mood c. thoughts d. talents
At the highest skill levels, expert performers
a. rise above rules and plans. b. use algorithms rather than heuristics. c. exhibit continuous reflective processing. d. do all of these.
Which type of study mostly takes place over a relatively short period, a year or less, although some studies have followed their samples over an entire lifetime, from infancy to old age?
a) longitudinal b) cross-sectional c) survey d) cohort