In attempting to decide which services should be offered to a community, the public health nurse decides to implement hypertension screening and treatment because most of the residents are hypertensive. This decision is based on the principle of:
a. veracity.
b. values.
c. utilitarianism.
d. autonomy.
ANS: C
Correct: Utilitarianism is an approach that is rooted in the assumption that an action or practice is right if it leads to the greatest possible balance of good consequences or to the least possible balance of bad consequences. On the basis of this principle, an attempt is made to determine which actions will lead to the greatest ratio of benefit to harm for all persons involved in the situation.
Incorrect:
a. Veracity is defined as the moral and ethical requirement to always tell the truth in personal communication. Although the public health nurse did not lie, she did not use the concept of veracity to decide which health care issue to address with this group.
b. Values account for our moral decisions and actions. The nurse based the decision on the needs of the group, not on her personal values.
d. Respecting autonomy means respecting people's right to make decisions based on their values. The nurse did not base her decision for this group on her respect for them, but on what the needs of the majority were.
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