Once retroviral DNA is incorporated into the host genome, what happens to the newly transcribed RNA?
a. The RNA is translated into host proteins.
b. The RNA is translated into viral proteins.
c. The RNA serves as genetic material for new viruses.
d. The RNA is reverse transcribed into double-stranded DNA.
e. Some is translated into viral proteins and some serves as genetic material for new viruses.
e
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In science, if a result is deemed statistically
significant, that means
a. it is a very important result. b. it has a high probability of being incorrect. c. it has a low probability of being skewed by sampling error. d. there is very little variation in the data. e. there is no doubt of the result being true
A linear relationship between Vmax and enzyme concentration would be expected when
A) [S] << Km. B) [S] >> Km. C) [S] = Km. D) both [S] << Km and [S] = Km. E) both [S] >> Km and [S] = Km.
Among the natural defenses present in tears is the protein lactoferrin. As you can infer from its name, it is also present in milk and other body secretions, and its function involves binding iron ions. The presence of lactoferrin in tears is protective against bacterial infection because
A. pathogens with magnetosomes will be segregated from the eye tissue and swept away by the tears. B. free iron serves as an immune signal to recruit T cells to the eye. C. in the presence of lysozyme, as found in tears, the proteins form a protective barrier on the lens. D. all pathogens must acquire iron from their environment and lactoferrin ensures that the iron concentration is low.
How did mitochondria and chloroplasts arise in eukaryotic cells?
A) Via endosymbiosis, where mitochondria and chloroplasts were independent prokaryotic organisms that were engulfed by a larger cell B) Via binary fission, where bacteria divided to create mitochondria and chloroplasts C) Via the endomembrane system that engulfed mitochondria and chloroplasts D) Via the endomembrane system that enfolded in such a way as to create mitochondria and chloroplasts