Define construct validity and criterion validity. Provide an example of how we can develop questions or procedures that would address each type of validity. Then highlight at least one disadvantage and advantage for each type of validity. Also provide a brief statement as to how these types of validity are related.
What will be an ideal response?
Criterion validity: The type of validity that is established by comparing the scores obtained on the measure being validated to those obtained with a more direct or already validated measure of the same phenomenon (the criterion). For example, we may collect a measure of blood alcohol concentration to support a question asking about self-reported intoxication. The advantage is to make sure that our data is valid in the sense that we can tell when people are not being truthful, so we can compare measures rather than relying on just one. The disadvantage is that it is not always possible to use lab tests or observer questions.
Construct validity: The type of validity that is established by showing that a measure is related to other measures as specified in a theory. We may make sure that a measure of substance abuse includes measures that were found to be connected to substance abuse in theory or in related concepts. An advantage is that we can make sure additional measures, perhaps not included previously, are related to our measure of a concept. A disadvantage is that maybe the additional measures actually represent a different measure of the same phenomenon.
What construct and criterion validation have in common is the comparison of scores on one measure to scores on other measures that are predicted to be related. It is not so important that researchers agree that a particular comparison measure is a criterion rather than a related construct.
You might also like to view...
Over time, the three-stage cycle of abuse (or violence) typically:
a. increases in frequency. b. increases in severity. c. increases in both severity and frequency. d. decreases in both severity and frequency.
What is a juvenile waiver? What are the criteria used in making a waiver decision?
What will be an ideal response?
Research into the effectiveness of boot camps found that rearrest rates for participants were ________ than for offenders in other types of community facilities
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. An opponent of the death penalty who argues that life without the possibility of parole serves the same purpose as the death penalty is using arbitrariness as his or her argument for the abolishment of the death penalty. 2. Supporters of the death penalty who content that when murderers are sentenced to death and executed, other would-be murderers will reconsider their acts due to the fear of being executed, are arguing for the utility of specific deterrence. 3. There is some evidence that the death penalty may actually increase homicide levels in areas where executions occur. 4. Prison environments on death row can take a toll on both inmates and staff. 5. The Attorney General’s Review Committee on Capital Cases makes an independent recommendation to the attorney general regarding death penalty cases.