The null hypothesis for a pretest posttest design can be stated as _____
a. the treatment does not affect the pretest score
b. the treatment does not affect the posttest score
c. the pretest does not affect the treatment
d. the posttest does not affect the treatment
B
The null hypothesis states that the treatment does not cause the effect. The effect is measured by the posttest; therefore the null hypothesis states that the treatment does not affect the posttest score.
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Personality is defined as an individual's patterns of behavior that
a. change over time and characterize a person's reactions to the environment. b. indicate relatively enduring tendencies to act, think or feel in a certain manner. c. are relatively stable and enduring and characterize a person's reactions to the environment. d. indicate emotional states that vary from one situation to another.
Alan has developed an intervention that can be used by family resource networks to provide basic child development information to high-risk families. Although he has trained at least one person from each family resource network and has excellent program documentation, he is still concerned. Specifically, Alan is probably worried about ____
a. low reliability of the measure b. random heterogeneity of participants c. poor reliability of treatment implementation d. random irrelevancies in the setting
According to Bandura, self-regulation can be "turned off," leading to inhumane acts, through cognitive restructuring via several different mechanisms. Which of the following is not one of these mechanisms?
A. Dehumanization B. Displacement of responsibility C. Advantageous labeling D. Disregard of the consequences
Andrew is very interested in the effects of positive emotions on illness
He is especially interested in the connection between the nervous system and the immune system. Andrew wants to study _____. Fill in the blank with correct word