A patient is beginning treatment for active tuberculosis (TB) in a region with little drug-resistant TB. Which treatment regimen will be used initially?
a. Isoniazid and pyrazinamide
b. Isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
c. Rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
d. Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
ANS: D
The induction phase of treatment for patients in a region without drug resistance is the same as for patients who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative or HIV positive and includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. It is not correct to begin with two drugs. The three-drug regimen is used for inductions in areas with resistance to either isoniazid or rifampin.
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A patient with symptoms of acute pancreatitis is scheduled for an abdominal ultrasound and a CT scan. The ultrasound department is very busy, so the patient is asked to wait. What rationale would the nurse provide for not doing the CT scan first?
1. The ultrasound is the only way to assess the severity of damage to the pancreas. 2. The ultrasound can assess for gallstones as the cause of the pain. 3. Once the patient has had a CT scan, the ultrasound must be delayed for at least 72 hours. 4. The CT scan will be done only after the ultrasound has demonstrated that complications such as hemorrhage do not exist.
A client asks the nurse why a medication prescribed by the provider "didn't do anything at all." Which statement by the nurse accurately describes how genetics influence drug action?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. "Genetic differences can result in significant differences in how each client's body handles the same medication." 2. "Genetic differences can cause mutations in enzymes, changing the way they function. This can alter how the body metabolizes and excretes drugs." 3. "Because of genetic differences, medication may accumulate to toxic levels in one client while in another client may be inactivated before it can have a therapeutic effect." 4. "Genetic differences can be expressed as an alteration in the structure of an enzyme, which can cause a defective receptor and an allergic response to drugs." 5. "Genetic differences in clients who are biracial result in an allergic response to medications."
You are caring for an adult patient with a tracheostomy who is being mechanically ventilated. His pulse oximetry reading is 85%, heart rate is 113 beats/min, and respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. The patient is very restless
His respirations are labored, and you hear gurgling sounds. You auscultate crackles and rhonchi in both lungs. What is the most appropriate action to take? a. Call the respiratory therapist to check the ventilator settings. b. Provide endotracheal suctioning. c. Provide tracheostomy care. d. Notify the physician of the patient's signs of fluid overload.
McClelland's studies state that all people are motivated by three basic needs. What are these needs?
A) Physiological, security, esteem B) Safety, social, self-actualization C) Achievement, affiliation, power D) Responsibility, supervision, job security