Each time Charles, who has a lisp, says "Mithithippi" or the like, his wife, Evelyn, yells, "Idiot!" However, there is no evidence that Evelyn's efforts to reduce the frequency of such mispronunciations have been effective. We can therefore conclude that ______

a. Charles's behavior is due to a neurological problem
b. Charles's behavior has not been punished
c. Evelyn's efforts to punish Charles's behavior have actually reinforced it
d. Charles is lisping deliberately to annoy Evelyn


B

Psychology

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