In response to the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (McCain-Feingold Act), the United States Supreme Court, in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010), ruled that
a. limits cannot be placed upon candidates' contributions to their own campaigns
b. independent campaign expenditures by corporations and unions are protected by the First Amendment
c. limits on issue advertisements 90 days before an election are unconstitutional
d. limits on campaign contributions by minors are constitutional under the First Amendment
e. requiring endorsement statements in campaign advertisements is unconstitutional
Answer: b. independent campaign expenditures by corporations and unions are protected by the First Amendment
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What two bodies make up the legislative branch?
a. Department of Justice and the Vice President b. The House of Representatives and the Supreme Court c. President and the Senate d. The House of Representatives and the Senate e. None of the Above
Today, women comprise approximately __________ of the House.
A. one fifth B. one fourth C. one third D. half E. two thirds
How has the United States government shown support of religion in the court system?
a. Allowing teachers to lead classroom prayers in the public school system b. Granting school principals the right to speak about religion in school speeches c. Exempting churches and temples from the required property tax d. Legalizing public schools' practices of posting the Ten Commandments e. Allowing prayers before public school football games and graduations
In his dissenting opinion in Abrams v. United States in 1919, then-Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes coined the term “free marketplace of ideas” as an argument for a free press. What is meant by this statement?
a. Allowing people to freely communicate their ideas will provide a variety of ideas to consider. b. People and the media should be free to benefit financially from the marketability of media. c. The press should support our economic system of capitalism. d. In the open market the top retailers will put the smaller retailers out of business. e. All forms of media should be disseminated without cost.