To provide optimal care of infants born to mothers who are substance abusers, nurses should be aware that:
a. Infants born to addicted mothers are also addicted.
b. Mothers who abuse one substance likely will use or abuse another, thus compounding the infant's difficulties.
c. The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) is designed to assess the damage the mother has done to herself.
d. No laboratory procedures are available that can identify the intrauterine drug exposure of the infant.
ANS: B
Multiple substance use (even just alcohol and tobacco) makes it difficult to assess the problems of the exposed infant, particularly with regard to withdrawal manifestations. Infants of substance-abusing mothers may have some of the physiologic signs but are not addicted in the behavioral sense. "Drug-exposed newborn" is a more accurate description than "addict." The NNNS is designed to assess the neurologic, behavioral, and stress/abstinence function of the neonate. Newborn urine, hair, or meconium sampling may be used to identify an infant's intrauterine drug exposure.
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