Why did industrialization provide the impetus for imperialism and global state-building?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Answers will vary but correct responses should include: Industrialization impacted the rest of the world by creating global inequalities of wealth and power and by linking unindustrialized regions in a grid of high-speed communications. The railways wrenched trade in new directions. They made it possible for land-based systems of communications to carry freight on a scale previously possible only by sea. The world's great hinterlands, far from seas and ports and even navigable rivers, in the innermost parts of the continents, could be integrated into an increasingly global economy. The patchiness of industrialization was essential to industrialization's success. It was part of a pattern of specialization in which some regions supplied food and raw materials while others concentrated on manufacturing. If some places had comparative advantage in resources, others had comparative advantage in finance and access to markets, or a relatively disciplined or suitably educated labor force. The system was reproduced at the global level, as large areas of the world became suppliers of primary produce to industrializing economies.