A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of trisomy. This patient has three number 21 chromosomes. What factor describes this genetic change?
A) The mother also has genetic mutation of chromosome 21.
B) The patient has a nondisjunction occurring during meiosis.
C) During meiosis a reduction of chromosomes results in 23.
D) The patient will have a single X chromosome and infertility.
Ans: B
Feedback: During meiosis, a pair of chromosomes may fail to separate completely, creating a sperm or oocyte that contains either two copies or no copy of a particular chromosome. This sporadic event, called nondisjunction, can lead to trisomy. Down syndrome is an example of trisomy. The mother does not have a mutation of chromosome 21, which is indicated in the question. Also, trisomy does not produce a single X chromosome and infertility. Genes are packaged and arranged in a linear order within chromosomes, which are located in the cell nucleus. In humans, 46 chromosomes occur in pairs in all body cells except oocytes and sperm, which contain only 23 chromosomes.
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