Which best explains the Ming decision to bring a brief period of extensive overseas exploration guided by Admiral Zhenghe in the early 15th century to a halt?
a. Grievous naval defeats at the hands of the Portuguese maritime power
b. Attitudes toward the expeditions within the imperial bureaucracy that ranged from indifference to hostility
c. A rare suspension of monsoon winds that made the long distance voyages impossible
d. Muslim dominance of the Indian Ocean basis, which led, in general to hostility at ports of call from East Asia to Western India
e. Growing preference of Chinese merchants and elites for goods produced in foreign lands, undermining customary notion of the superiority and centrality of China in world affairs.
Answer: b. Attitudes toward the expeditions within the imperial bureaucracy that ranged from indifference to hostility
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