Like pre-exposure to the US (Exercise 21), pre-exposure to the CS (Exercise 20)
a. lowered the asymptotic level of conditioning.
b. reduced the rate of acquisition by approximately half.
c. accelerated the rate of acquisition by approximately half.
d. made conditioning more resistant to extinction.
b. reduced the rate of acquisition by approximately half.
Answer feedback: The definitions of CS and US pre-exposure make no reference to their effects on extinction. Instead, a comparison of the two phenomena indicates that both result in a lowered asymptote, while CS pre-exposure also slows the rate of acquisition.
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According to the research about maternal employment,
a. people frequently think that employed mothers are less competent than employed women who have no children. b. even when a woman feels that her employment is personally important, she is likely to realize that a lengthy maternity leave is actually quite restful and pleasant. c. mothers who work outside the home have somewhat more mental health problems than mothers who stay home with their children. d. most studies on maternal employment have such small sample sizes that we cannot draw useful conclusions about this topic.
Which of the following best describes REM sleep?
a. The deepest level of sleep b. A state of light sleep with thought-like dreams c. Dream sleep accompanied by increased muscle activity d. State of resting quietly with the eyes closed e. Sleep in which the brain becomes more active but muscle activity is blocked
When a child writes a paper by jotting down ideas as they are retrieved from memory with no overall organizational plan, he or she is said to be using a knowledge-_______________ strategy
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
In explaining death to children one should
a. avoid euphemisms. b. use only euphemisms. c. be dishonest. d. not answer the child's questions. e. do both c and d.