Discuss Robert Rauschenberg and Robert Smithson as artists who explored unusual materials and techniques in their works. How did each use humor or unconventional actions to transform their art? 

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Students should note that both artists deviated from the traditional method of art making to experiment with surfaces, techniques, and materials. Rauschenberg was formally trained, but eventually innovative new techniques, based on previous ones. We get from Rauschenberg a sense of boundaries being dissolved-boundaries between media, between art and nonart, between art and life. Smithson creates earthworks, which function as sculptures, but they are made from natural materials. 

Art & Culture

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What will be an ideal response?

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