How does negative reinforcement play a role in drug abuse?
What will be an ideal response?
"Negative reinforcement" refers to a situation in which a behavior that turns off an aversive stimulus will be reinforced. For example, taking a drug to reduce a withdrawal reaction will reinforce the action of taking that drug.
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According to Diana Baumrind, children who can manipulate their environment to achieve their goals have developed
a. a preference for autonomy. c. instrumental security. b. instrumental competence. d. instrumental preferences.
Which of the following sayings is most strongly supported by the body of research on pessimistic and optimistic explanatory styles?
a. Nothing succeeds like success. b. To thine own self be true. c. There is power in positive thinking. d. Charity begins at home.
This research approach is one in which a researcher has generated several hypotheses and attempts to test them all in a single experiment
a. atheoretical approach c. factorial approach b. shotgun approach d. repeated measures approach
If r has a negative value, then as one variable increases, the other variable _____
a. increases c. first increases, then decreases b. decreases d. shows no systematic change