School-age children __________.
A) use frequent social comparisons
B) compare their own performance to that of a single peer
C) describe themselves in extreme, all-or-none ways
D) rarely describe their own negative attributes
Answer: A) use frequent social comparisons
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One of the reasons cited in the text for joining groups is that groups provide
a. individual power and aptitude b. opportunity to pursue individual interests c. social comparison with others d. all of the above
Olympic divers seem to thrive on the thrill of plunging headfirst from a height of over 75 feet at about 35 miles per hour. Which of the following is the best explanation scientific reason has found thus far for why they might seek this kind of "high"?
A. They are naturally fearless, extroverted sensation, and attention seekers. B. Their brains show more activation in regions associated with reward and less ability to regulate that activity. C. They are biologically different from people who do not seek out intense psychological arousal. D. They have high levels of an enzyme that breaks down key neurotransmitters in the brain.
Thorndike's main apparatus in his operant conditioning research was __________.
A. a wire monkey B. a cognitive map C. a puzzle box D. a buzzer
Which behavior would indicate that Manny has a high level of effortful control?
A. He is very easily frustrated. B. He can quickly shift his attention from one topic to another. C. He makes friends very easily. D. He likes taking on new challenges.