What are the two mechanisms by which sodium ions can be reabsorbed along the nephron?
A. Anion exchange and chloride ion transport
B. Anion exchange and sodium ion transport
C. Cation exchange and sodium ion transport
D. Cation exchange and chloride ion transport
Answer: D
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A 70-year-old man has a blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg in a lying position, 130/80 mm Hg in a sitting position, and 100/60 mm Hg in a standing position. How should the nurse evaluate these findings?
a. These readings are a normal response and attributable to changes in the patient's position. b. The change in blood pressure readings is called orthostatic hypotension. c. The blood pressure reading in the lying position is within normal limits. d. The change in blood pressure readings is considered within normal limits for the patient's age.
Mrs. V is an elderly woman in the final stages of Alzheimer's disease; she is unlikely to live more than a year longer. Breast cancer has been diagnosed, and her surgeon wants to operate
Mrs. V cannot grasp the situation, however, and is becoming agitated about it. Her children think surgery would be painful and not worth the potential benefit. What might a nurse advise Mrs. V's family? A) The patient herself should make the decision. B) The need for surgery is of secondary importance. C) Surgery is definitely indicated. D) The insurer should be involved in the decision.
Parents ask for help for their other children to cope with the changes in the family resulting from the special needs of their sibling. What strategy does the nurse recommend?
a. Explain to the siblings that embarrassment is unhealthy. b. Encourage the parents not to expect siblings to help them care for the child with special needs. c. Provide information to the siblings about the child's condition only as requested. d. Invite the siblings to attend meetings to develop plans for the child with special needs.
The nurse is preparing to perform Leopold's maneuvers. During the first maneuver, the nurse palpates a soft mass in the upper quadrant of the abdomen. The nurse interprets this as which fetal part?
A) Back B) Head C) Buttocks D) Feet