Explain how theories and hypotheses interact to move science forward.
What will be an ideal response?
Theories are broad explanations for phenomena that are meant to integrate information from multiple independent studies. Good theories, because they seek to provide explanations, also help generate new questions. Hypotheses are scientific predictions that are based on prior observations or theories. A hypothesis is more than a guess because a hypothesis is grounded in existing knowledge, which is often organized into one or more theories. Science is a self-perpetuating process because hypotheses arise from theories, and when new hypotheses are tested, the resulting observations become integrated into new theories.
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Under NCLB, the schools most likely to close were
a. not using enough tests. b. lacking time to prepare for standardized testing. c. those with the highest needs. d. the most diverse.
To the pilot, the long straight runway appears to converge to a single point in the distance. This is an example of the monocular depth cue known as:
A) texture gradient. B) interposition. C) linear perspective. D) retinal disparity.
Which of the following was a classic pseudoscientific theory that related bumps on the head to personality traits, and did not disappear until well into the twentieth century?
a. Introspection b. Functionalism c. Phrenology d. Behaviorism
Katherine wants to quit smoking. The first therapist she visits suggests that she can help her quit by using a rapid smoking technique. If she agrees to this technique, what will happen to Katherine?
a. She will be given tokens for every cigarette she smokes. b. She will be shown increasingly more disgusting pictures of the lungs of smokers. c. She will smoke a pipe with flavored tobacco. d. Smoke will be blown into her face as she smokes a cigarette.