What was the nature of the "secondary empires" in eastern Africa in the nineteenth century? Be as specific as you can be in your answer
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER:
The effects of the slave trade, agriculture, and ivory exports established new East African empires. They are referred to as "secondary empires" because the Europeans supplied weapons and demanded African goods but did not control these states directly as they did in other places. Created and controlled by Arabs and Africans, these East African empires came into being partly as a result of the suppression of the West African slave trade. Reacting to British pressure, slave traders moved around the Cape of Good Hope into eastern Africa. Twice as many African slaves were sold from eastern Africa through the well-established North African and Middle Eastern trade than were exported to the Americas and the Indian Ocean. Slavery within eastern Africa also remained significant, with 700,000 slaves working on clove plantations. Those agricultural plantations and the burgeoning ivory trade resulted in the establishment of new and strengthened African states.
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