Ordinarily we need to know not only what something is, but also where it is. Because vision doesn't give us this information directly, we must infer it. Explain how we perform this feat, giving examples of two visual cues that require the use of both eyes
The textbook notes that there are many visual cues that do not depend on having two eyes. Choose and describe five of the seven cues that depend upon one eye.
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A good answer will include the following key points.
• Depth or distance perception is inferred from binocular and monocular cues.
• Two binocular cues to depth perception:
o Convergence: The eyes turn inward when looking at a close object; the degree of convergence corresponds to the closeness of the object.
o Retinal disparity: The two eyes see slightly different images of the world; this difference can be used to infer depth.
• Seven monocular cues:
o Interposition: Closer objects partially block our view of more distant objects.
o Linear perspective: When two parallel lines are viewed receding into the distance, they appear to converge.
o Light and shadow: Light and shadow give objects the appearance of three dimensions.
o Motion parallax: When an observer is moving, objects appear to move at different speeds and in different directions depending on their distance from the observer.
o Relative size: The smaller an object's image on the retina, the farther away the object appears.
o Texture gradients: Distant parts of a uniform surface appear denser; that is, its elements seem spaced more closely together.
o Relative clarity: Because of particles of dust and water in the air, distant objects tend to look hazier, duller, or less detailed.
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Elena, a minority child who does not speak English at home, is presently learning a second language and will most likely experience additive bilingualism
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding research into the relationship between violent video games and aggression in children?
A) Short-term exposure to violent video games increases the likelihood that children will engage in physical aggression. B) Playing violent video games causes increased aggression. C) Short-term exposure to violent video games increases the likelihood that children will engage in verbal aggression. D) Short-term exposure to violent video games increases the likelihood that children will have aggressive thoughts and emotions.
Research evidence has shown that the presence of a weapon
a. increases the accuracy of the account. b. reduces the ambiguity of the interpretation of the situation. c. impairs an eyewitness's accuracy of a description of a suspect. d. allows an eyewitness to remember the event longer.
Which of the following statements is true about epigenetics?
A. Genes are simply the end points for biological structures. B. Psychological traits such as dementia, aggression, and others are untraceable to epigenetic effects. C. Epigenetics involves heritable changes to DNA that are independent of the genetic sequence yet influence its expression. D. Epigenetic studies have confirmed that experience does not shape people's nature.