Bernard Lewis points to the _________ as the origin of modern confrontations between the West and Islam
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Age of Discovery
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Freda Adler proposed that
a. as women entered nontraditional roles and occupations, their involvement in crime would become closer to that of men. b. the relationship of gender and criminality will remain stable over time. c. cross-cultural research suggests that socialization does not affect gender involvement in crime. d. there is something about gender per se that is responsible for the observed gender differences in crime commission.
The most frequent type of child abduction is committed by:
a. someone who intends to kidnap the child. b. one of the child's parents. c. someone who is not related to the child. d. a complete stranger.
The ballot initiative offered a dramatic solution to the problem of California's overcrowded prisons and jails. Called Proposition 47, it proposed to downgrade a number of nonviolent felonies involving less than $950-including grand theft, shoplifting, writing bad checks, receiving stolen property, and drug possession-to misdemeanors. As a result of this change, offenders convicted of these crimes would probably not wind up behind bars. In 2014, thirty states passed legislation designed to lower incarceration rates, often by steering nonviolent offenders to community supervision. These policy choices reflect a small but significant trend in American corrections: fewer inmates. To be sure, these decreases do little to threaten our nation's title as "the globe's leading incarcerator." About
2.2 million Americans are in prison and jail. The United States locks up six times as many of its citizens as Canada does, and eight times as many as a number of European democracies. Still, the fact that politicians are willing to accept policies that reduce the number of inmates represents a sea change in the country's corrections strategies. States increasingly are relying on __________, or those strategies supported by statistical research, to decarcerate. A. get "tough on crime" strategies B. community corrections C. drug courts D. evidence-based strategies
The idea that offenders deserve punishment lies at the heart of _____
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