A patient with bipolar disorder who wants to minimize the need for drug therapy asks the nurse what else can be done to treat the disorder. The nurse will recommend which measures? (Select all that apply.)
a. Electroconvulsive therapy
b. Moderate use of alcohol to reduce stress
c. Psychotherapy
d. Regular sleep and exercise
e. Using a chart to monitor mood changes
ANS: C, D, E
BPD should be treated with a combination of drugs and adjunctive psychotherapy, because drug therapy alone is not optimal. Other measures, such as regular sleep and exercise and recognizing early symptoms of mood change, help minimize extreme mood swings. Electroconvulsive therapy is effective, but it is not the first-choice treatment; it is reserved for patients who have not responded to other therapies. Avoidance of alcohol is recommended.
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