The nurse is caring for a patient with a reactive purified protein derivative (PPD) test. What should the nurse anticipate as the next step of treatment?
A) Immediately begin administration of prophylactic medications to eradicate the disease.
B) Immediately isolate the patient (for at least 1 week) to contain the disease.
C) Perform more definitive testing to determine whether the patient has active disease.
D) Explain to the patient that a positive PPD only indicates exposure to the disease and that he must be retested in 6 months.
Ans: C
Feedback: The diagnosis of tuberculosis can never be confirmed without bacteriologic studies. Freshly expectorated sputum is obtained and examined microscopically for the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Drug therapy is initiated on the basis of a positive acid-fast bacilli smear. After the diagnosis has been established, the patient may be isolated in a negative-pressure room until treatment is started and three negative cultures are obtained.
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