The lens of the eye functions by moving in the same way the lens of a camera does
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
False
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In one well-known study on empathy, participants were given the option of (a) leaving the study, or (b) switching places with a confederate who was receiving random electrical shocks but was very upset by them (because of a negative childhood experience she had with electricity). Participants were given this option after having been told that their values and interests were similar to those of
the confederate or after having been told that their values and interests were different from those of the confederate. What were the results of this study? a. Virtually all participants agreed to switch places with the confederate—regardless of the similarity manipulation. b. Virtually all participants elected to leave the study—regardless of the similarity manipulation. c. Participants were more likely to switch places if they were told that their values and interests were similar to those of the confederate. d. Participants were more likely to switch places if they were told that their values and interests were different from those of the confederate.
A repeated-measures study uses a total of n = 10 participants to compare two treatment conditions. How many scores are measured in this study, and how many scores are actually used to compute the sample mean and the sample variance?
a. 20 measured and 10 used c. 10 measured and 10 used b. 20 measured and 20 used d. 10 measured and 20 used
William, Ellen, Marie, and Paul are all depressed and see different therapists with different orientations. William sees a behavioral therapist; Ellen, a psychoanalytic therapist; Marie, a cognitive behavior therapist; and Paul, a humanistic therapist. Based on the current evidence on outcomes of psychotherapeutic approaches, who is most likely to improve in therapy?
a. ?William b. ?Ellen c. ?No one, because all therapies are equally ineffective. d. ?Uncertain, because there are no major and consistent differences in superiority of any approach for treating major depressive disorder.
According to Vygotsky, which of these is a key factor in a child's cognitive development?
a) balanced diet b) social interactions c) genetic endowment d) successful resolution of psychosocial crises