A nurse assesses an 82-year-old client who has a history of coronary artery bypass surgery and heart failure. In the interview, the family expresses concern because the client's "ability to figure out what is going on" has deteriorated
However, the client remains wise and continues to give solid life advice. Which theory explains this phenomenon?
A) Crystallized intelligence declines with age.
B) Cognitive skills of older adults are better than younger adults under some conditions.
C) Mild cognitive impairment begins with cognitive dissidence.
D) Cognitive abilities may be impaired by the client's cardiovascular disease.
Ans: D
Changes in fluid intelligence are more closely associated with pathologic conditions of the circulatory and nervous system than with age-related changes alone. Crystallized intelligence, except for those processes that depend on the speed of response, does not decline with age. Contextual theories do support the idea that memory and other cognitive skills of older adults are better than those of younger adults under some conditions; however, this does not address the variation between fluid and crystallized intelligence.
You might also like to view...
During a home visit, the nurse evaluates care provided to a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus and a history of metabolic acidosis. Which outcome indicates that the care of this client has been successful?
A) The client is injecting insulin into thigh muscle. B) The client is taking laxatives three times a week to ensure adequate bowel movements. C) The client is eating three balanced meals per day with two snacks. D) The client is taking aspirin 325 mg every 6 hours to treat arthritis pain.
A client with ankylosing spondylitis has a stooped position and is being positioned in the bed prior to the nurse taking vital signs. The nurse listens to the client's lungs after positioning
What finding does the nurse hear when listening to lung sounds? A) Crackles in the bases B) Pericardial friction rub C) Lung sounds are diminished in the apical area. D) Rhonchi
What are the components of a metabolic syndrome?
What will be an ideal response?
The nurse should place the patient in which position when preparing to administer an enema?
a. Left Sims' position b. Fowler's c. Supine d. Semi-Fowler's