Describe the three basic assumptions of the trait approach to personality.
What will be an ideal response?
The trait approach assumes that (1) personality traits are stable and predictable; (2) traits are stable across situations; and (3) there are individual differences among people in the degree to which they possess a particular personality trait. Thus, traits are viewed as stable, internal characteristics of the individual. It is important to know that among psychologists, particularly those in other approaches to personality, all of these assumptions are not accepted as true.
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Modern intelligence tests base the child's score on
a. the raw percentage correct. b. a comparison of mental age with the child's actual age. c. the child's relative standing within his or her age group. d. how the child does in comparison with ordinary adults.
For Freud, the seething cauldron of unconscious urges and desires continuously seeking expression is the
a. superego. b. id. c. ego. d. persona. e. preconscious.
Ruth wants her two children to be avid readers, so Ruth reads them bedtime stories, keeps many books in the house, takes them to activities at the library, reads her own books in front of them, and talks about the books they enjoy. Which of the following does this situation illustrate?
a. Prosocial modeling b. Classical conditioning c. Positive reinforcement d. Operant conditioning
All of the following are major theories from the psychological perspective on human sexuality EXCEPT which one?
A) Learning theory B) Cognitive theory C) Psychoanalytic theory D) Quantum theory