Contrast the internal structures of the four Galilean moons. How are their internal differences reflected in the nature of their surfaces and other factors like their mean densities?
What will be an ideal response?
Io: Molten to core, high density (3600 kg/m3), abundance of sulfur. Surface very active.
Europa: Water ice crust over liquid water ocean over rocky core. Lower density than Io (3000 kg/m3). Surface somewhat active, with only a few fairly new impact craters.
Ganymede, Callisto: Water ice, frozen. Low density (1900 kg/m3). Surface dead and inactive, with many craters.
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Which of these happens when one kilogram of uranium undergoes nuclear fission?
A) About one percent of the matter is converted to other forms of energy. B) Heat and other forms of energy are created, but no matter is actually lost (or destroyed) in the process. C) About one percent of the matter disappears, but no other forms of energy are created. D) All the uranium is converted to other forms of energy. E) An unmeasurably small amount of matter is converted to other forms of energy.
A thermal neutron has an energy (in eV) on the order of
a. 40 b. 0.4 c. 4 d. 0.04 e. 400
A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into the room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?
A. 4 J B. 20 J C. 24 J D. 44 J
Ashen light (or earthshine) is
A) sunlight reflected by Earth that illuminates the "dark" portion of the Moon. B) the sunlight that shines on the face of the Moon that we never see. C) the light from the Moon that illuminates Earth's surface at night. D) the light we see at dawn just before the Sun rises. E) the light we see at dusk just after the Sun sets.