The nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD. Which interventions are appropriate in order to control the client's breathing pattern?
Select all that apply.
A) Instruct in pursed-lip breathing.
B) Teach visualization and meditation.
C) Deep breathing and coughing every hour.
D) Instruct in abdominal breathing.
E) Provide oxygen 2 liters nasal cannula.
Answer: A, B, D
Techniques used to instruct a client to control the breathing pattern include pursed-lip breathing, abdominal breathing, and relaxation such as visualization and meditation. Providing oxygen 2 liters per nasal cannula will not improve the client's breathing pattern. Deep breathing and coughing should be done every 2 hours to help keep the airway clear and prevent the pooling of secretions, not to control the breathing pattern.
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