Which therapy has decreased the incident of pneumocystis infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)?
a. Metronidazole
b. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combi-nation
c. Aminoglycosides with fluconazole
d. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
D
Since the epidemic of HIV/AIDS, pneumocystis has been defined as the most common opportu-nistic infection in this patient population in the United States. With the introduction of HAART therapy for patients with HIV, the incidence of disease has decreased. Numerous patients with HIV do not respond to therapy, and many are not compliant with therapy or do not know they are infected. Consequently, pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains a major problem.
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What would happen if an enzyme inhibitor for the enzyme photodiesterase (PDE) was applied to a vertebrate eye?
A) The opsins found in cones would not be differentiated into the red, blue, and green proteins, causing the animals to be color blind. B) The cGMP-gated sodium channels would remain open, glutamate would be continuously discharged at the synapses, and the brain would not detect light absorbed by the rod cells. C) The lens could not be appropriately adjusted to focus light on the retina, resulting in either nearsightedness or farsightedness. D) All of the listed responses are correct.
A PET scan can be used to monitor ________ when a person is performing specific _______ tasks
a. brain activity; physical b. glucose activity; physical c. brain activity; mental d. hemoglobin activity; mental e. hemoglobin; physical
The cell walls of fungi are composed mainly of
a. cellulose. b. lignin. c. chitin. d. pectin. e. protein.
Four of the following are typical features of anthropoids. Which one is the exception?
A. Diurnal B. Good eyesight C. Color vision D. Carnivorous E. Dry nose