Explain why modern treatment of a peptic ulcer includes administering an antibacterial agent. Discuss the cause
What will be an ideal response?
It is now accepted that almost all peptic ulcers are caused by Helicobacter pylori, a slightly helical bacterium that colonizes the stomach. It has numerous virulence factors that allow it to colonize the stomach: a protein to inhibit acid secretion of the stomach; flagella to burrow through the mucous lining of the stomach; adhesins to bind to gastric cells; and enzymes that inhibit phagocytic killing. It also produces urease, which leads to the release of ammonia, which increases the pH of the stomach. Therefore, to kill the pathogen and allow the stomach to heal, physicians treat peptic ulcers with one or more antimicrobial agents in combination with drugs that inhibit acid secretion.
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A mother ship arrives from Planet Lichen to take all lichens on Earth back to their home planet. Which of the following would be consequences of the removal of lichens from Earth? Check all that apply.
_____ Levels of chemical pollutants in the air can no longer be monitored using lichens. _____ Levels of radiation in the soil can no longer be monitored using lichens. _____ Soil formation by breaking down parent rock will increase as lichens can no longer impede the process. _____ Nitrogen fixation will decrease.
Most of the energy required to form the peptide bonds during elongation comes from _____
a. ATP b. CTP c. GTP d. TTP e. whichever nucleotide is at the front of the codon
During the Olestra experiment which group was the experimental group? a. The group that received plain chips
b. All three groups. c. None of the groups. d. The group that received Olestra chips. e. The group that became ill.
Which of the following are accessory pigments
in photosynthesis? a. carotenoids b. phycobillins c. anthocyanins d. chlorophyll b e. all of these