Criteria for diagnosing ADHD in a child include attention problems that:
A. Have been present before the age of 12
B. Have been present for at least 6 months
C. Are present in at least two settings
D. All of the above
ANS: D
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder that affects an estimated 5% to 10% of the school-age population. Its main symptoms are inattention with increased distractibility, poor impulse control, and motor restlessness and hyperactivity. There are three subtypes of ADHD: The predominantly inattentive type of ADHD is more common in females, and the predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type and combined type are more frequently diagnosed in males. When assessing a child for ADHD, it is important to ascertain the degree of symptoms as well as when they were first noticed and in what settings they are present. It is also important to remember that many children with ADHD have comorbid psychiatric diagnoses.
According to the DSM-5, a child with ADHD must exhibit behavior that is developmentally inappropriate and clearly interferes with the quality of social, school, and/or work functions. The behavior must also meet the following criteria:
• Has been present before the age of 12
• Has been present for at least 6 months
• Is present in at least 2 settings
• Is not related to another disorder
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