In Year 1, the cyclically adjusted budget showed a deficit of about $100 billion and the actual budget showed a deficit of $150 billion one year. In Year 2, the full employment budget showed a deficit of about $125 billion and the actual budget showed a deficit of $150 billion. Based on these data, what can be concluded about the direction of fiscal policy?
What will be an ideal response?
Fiscal policy was expansionary because the cyclically adjusted budget deficit increased from one year to the next. The actual deficit is composed of the full-employment portion and the cyclical portion. The full-employment portion of the actual budget deficit rose from $100 to $150 billion. The cyclical portion is determined by taking the actual deficit and subtracting the cyclical portion from it. The cyclical portion of the actual deficit fell from $50 billion to $25 billion. The actual budget deficit did not change, but it does not provide a good indication of the direction of fiscal policy. Only the cyclically adjusted budget tells the direction of fiscal policy.
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Suppose, as a result of a long-run adjustment in a perfectly competitive industry to a change in demand, price and output both rose. Therefore, demand must have __________ in this __________ industry
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Refer to the information provided in Figure 2.4 below to answer the question(s) that follow.
Figure 2.4Refer to Figure 2.4. The economy moves from Point E to Point B. This could be explained by
A. a change in society's preferences for hybrid cars versus motorcycles. B. an increase in economic growth. C. an increase in unemployment. D. a reduction in unemployment.