It is important for the nurse to develop a realistic birth plan with the pregnant woman in her care. The nurse can explain that a major advantage of nonpharmacologic pain management is:
a. Greater and more complete pain relief is possible.
b. No side effects or risks to the fetus are involved.
c. The woman remains fully alert at all times.
d. A more rapid labor is likely.
ANS: B
Because nonpharmacologic pain management does not include analgesics, adjunct drugs, or anesthesia, it is harmless to the mother and the fetus. There is less pain relief with nonpharmacologic pain management during childbirth. The woman's alertness is not altered by medication; however, the increase in pain will decrease alertness. Pain management may or may not alter the length of labor. At times when pain is decreased, the mother relaxes and labor progresses at a quicker pace.
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The term nursing process was first used in 1955. In 1973, the American Nurses Association identified five specific steps of the process. The essential step that was added in 1991 is:
a. assessment. b. diagnosis. c. outcome identification. d. evaluation.
When using a monofilament to assess sensory function, the nurse:
a. uses two simultaneous monofilaments on similar bilateral points and then compares results. b. applies both a monofilament and a pin on similar bilateral points and then compares results. c. applies pressure to the monofilament until the filament bends. d. strokes the monofilament along the skin from proximal to distal areas.
Concerning the functioning of the renal system in newborns, nurses should be aware that:
1. the physician should be notified if the newborn has not voided in 24 hours. 2. breastfed infants will likely void more often during the first days after birth. 3. brick dust or blood on a diaper is always cause to notify the physician. 4. weight loss from fluid loss and other normal factors should be made up in 4 to 7 days.
Determining key participants is appropriate during which step of the moral decision-making process?
a. Data gathering c. Strategy exploration b. Problem articulation d. Strategy implementation