This is a process in which molecules from the cell's surroundings bind to receptor molecules on the plasma membrane.
A. phagocytosis
B. receptor mediated endocytosis
C. osmosis
D. active transport
B. receptor mediated endocytosis
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Scientists have found that polypeptides that are normally synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum are about 20 amino acids longer when they are synthesized by ribosomes not attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
What is a possible explanation for the greater length of these polypeptides? A) Ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum require fewer amino acids to function. B) The 20 amino acids serve as a signal (peptide) sequence that directs the forming polypeptides to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they are cleaved off during processing. C) The 20-amino-acid sequence helps the endoplasmic reticulum package these proteins for shipping to the Golgi. D) The protein has a different function in the cytosol than in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Coactivators are:
A. necessary only for initiation of transcription of housekeeping genes. B. factors that bind to other proteins, not to DNA directly. C. factors that complex directly with RNA Pol II to form a preinitiation complex. D. factors that bind to enhancers.
Restriction enzymes
a. produce staggered cuts in DNA that are often useful in splicing genes. b. are very specific in their action. c. are natural defense mechanisms in bacteria that destroy foreign DNA introduced by viruses. d. are used along with ligases and plasmids to produce DNA libraries. e. are all of these.
The most abundant mineralocorticoid is
a. epinephrine. b. norepinephrine. c. aldosterone. d. cortisol. e. estrogen.