Which kind of research study is most often conducted without hypotheses?
a. Experimental
c. Correlational
b. Causal-comparative
d. Survey
D
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Portfolios should document all of the following except:
a. Background information of families. b. Evidence of child's pro-social behaviors. c. Proof of language development. d. Evidence of cognitive development.
Eric has a job as a waiter, and he spends about a quarter of his paycheck buying new music. He keeps his music spending activities secretive from his mother. What advice might we give to Eric's mother?
a. Eric will most likely develop into a trusting adult, but he is at risk for serious problems. If he is secretive about his finances, he is most likely secretive about behaviors that affect his well-being. b. Eric is not demonstrating honesty and his mother should intervene and ask to see paychecks and music expenditures. c. Eric is actually sending a message to his mother that there is a lack of trust in their relationship. Eric's mother should focus on how to rebuild the trust and encourage Eric to share more about his spending habits. d. Be concerned about Eric's disclosure of information related to activities that affect his and others' safety and health, but accept Eric's need for privacy about his spending of discretionary money he earned.
Time spent in the natural world has been associated with all of the following outcomes except ______.
a. more effective problem solving b. creating positive social relations with peers c. a desire to protect the natural environment d. reviving the ability to focus attention
A point system used to assign grades is an example of
a. relative grading b. correcting for guessing c. standardized testing d. absolute grading