_____________ occur(s) when an inmate is awarded early release from prison but is supervised in the community for a specified amount of time.
A. Probation
B. Parole
C. Intermediate sanctions
D. Creative sentencing
Answer: B
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CASE 14.1 No consensus exists on how the courts should punish the guilty, perhaps due to the fact that five different philosophical principles guide sentencing in the United States: retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation, and restoration. These sentencing philosophies differ in important ways. Some focus on past behavior, whereas others are future-oriented. Some stress that the punishment should fit the crime, whereas others emphasize that punishment should fit the criminal. These issues influence contemporary thinking about sentencing. Which sentencing philosophy encompasses the idea that offenders deserve punishment?
A. retribution B. incapacitation C. deterrence D. rehabilitation
Criminal negligence:
A) may constitute a gross deviation from the standard of care required of an individual. B) is gross negligence. C) is culpable negligence. D) All of the above
A period of confinement that has specified minimum and maximum lengths and allows release to be dependent upon rehabilitation is known as a(n)
A) quantity of labor. B) mark system. C) flat sentence. D) indeterminate sentence.
At the end of working four consecutive 12-hour shifts with very few calls for service, an officer may find herself in a state of ______.
a. hyperstress b. hypostress c. insomnia d. none of these