Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky's approach to development is considered to be contemporary. When did he die?
a. in the 1930s c. in the 1980s
b. in the 1950s d. in the early part of this century
A
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The purpose of adopting metaphors from medical and engineering terminology was to ____.?
a. ?liken psychology to the established sciences b. ?reduce the stigma attached to seeking psychological help by adopting the terms "doctor" and "patient” c. ?show that psychology was scientific d. ?establish psychology as a legitimate profession in medical and industrial settings e. ?refocus the public's attention on the experimental and statistical methods of psychology
Freud introduced the idea of "penis envy" to explain the personality development of young girls. By introducing the concept of "womb envy," Karen Horney was suggesting that
A. men are as dissatisfied with themselves as women. B. men are conflicted as children over wanting a womb like mother has. C. women are ultimately superior to men because they can bear children. D. each gender has attributes that the other admires.
A distinction between behavioral and social-cognitive perspectives is that the former emphasizes __________, and the latter emphasizes __________ in learning
a. brain processes; social processes c. introspection; self-determination b. conditioning; development d. reinforcement; observation
What does the cognitive psychology view of classical conditioning state?
a. Organisms learn the relationships between events. b. Organisms form mental representations and make predictions about events. c. The focus is on the information learned by the organism. d. All of these