Mushrooms with gills have meiotically produced spores located in or on
a) zygosporangia.
b) basidia.
c) asci.
d) conidiophores.
e) soredia.
Answer: b) basidia.
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A cell infected by viruses may die due to the actions of interferons. The same result would occur WITHOUT interferon-any cell infected by a virus would die directly from the virus
Is there any apparent benefit to the host organism from the interferon action? A. No-interferon is just an evolutionary leftover from a much earlier form of antiviral activity. It has no function now. B. Yes-when the interferon acts on a virally infected cell, it shuts down protein production (which shuts down virus replication). Without interferon, virus will kill the cell eventually, but only after it has replicated many times over. Interferons may kill the host cell, but they will also prevent it from being used to replicate virus. C. Yes-by killing host cells, you limit the number of cells that are available targets for viral infection. This is a good way of preventing viral infection. D. No-viruses will replicate in cells regardless of the effects of interferons, so their action of killing the cell has no benefit to the host organism during the infection process.
Whether a germ cell develops into eggs or sperm is determined by
a. the presence of the X chromosome. b. the presence of the Y chromosome. c. the time at which meiosis begins during development. d. the genetic sex of the individual. e. whether or not meiosis and mitosis can occur.
Which of the following is not a characteristic found among animal species?
A. All of the answer choices are correct. B. They have a developmental stage called a blastula. C. They are heterotrophs. D. They secrete and bind to a substance called the extracellular matrix. E. They are multicellular eukaryotes.
What is the term for all of the places on earth
in which life can be found?
a. biosphere b. biogeography c. lithosphere d. hydrosphere e. stratosphere