The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a patient who has HIV. Which of the following results would be strongly suggestive of a diagnosis of AIDS?
a. CD4+ = 500/µL
b. CD4+ percentage = 68%
c. CD8+ = 650/µL
d. CD4+/CD8+ ratio = 1.5
ANS: A
A CD4+ T lymphocyte percentage less than 14 strongly suggests the diagnosis of AIDS. As HIV/AIDS progresses, the CD4+ count is decreased while the CD8+ count remains unchanged and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ becomes smaller.
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A man is at the clinic for a physical examination. He states that he is "very anxious" about the physical examination. What steps can the nurse take to make him more comfortable?
a. Appear unhurried and confident when examining him. b. Stay in the room when he undresses in case he needs assistance. c. Ask him to change into an examining gown and to take off his undergarments. d. Defer measuring vital signs until the end of the examination, which allows him time to become comfortable.
A nonpregnant patient is diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis (BV). The nurse expects to administer:
1. Penicillin G (Bicillin) 2 million units IM one time. 2. Zithromax (Azithromycin) 1 mg p.o. b.i.d. for 2 weeks. 3. Doxycycline (Vibramycin) 100 mg p.o. b.i.d. for a week. 4. Metronidazole (Flagyl) 500 mg p.o. b.i.d. for a week.
An apical-radial pulse means that:
a. The apical pulse is taken first. b. The radial pulse is taken after the apical pulse. c. The apical and radial pulses are taken at the same time. d. You can take the apical pulse or the radial pulse.
A taper cut needle (as opposed to taper point needle) is best suited to which of the following tissues?
a. Friable tissue, such as liver or kidney b. Tough, fibrous tissue c. Delicate tissue that is easily penetrated d. Any type of tissue, regardless of delicacy