When acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is suspected, the nurse will likely see which of the following laboratory findings on the urinalysis report? Select all that apply
A) Protein
B) Glucose
C) Red blood cells
D) Sodium excess
E) Cast cells
Ans: A, C, E
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Nephron damage allows the larger protein cells to pass through the membrane and into the urine (normally, urine has very few proteins present). Further diagnostic information that can be obtained from the urinalysis includes hemoglobinuria (blood in the urine) and casts or crystals in the urine. Glucosuria in the urine is an indirect indication of extreme hyperglycemia, often unrelated to renal disease. Urine sodium concentration is maintained with prerenal azotemia; urine sodium decreases with renal tubule damage. Urine calcium is not diagnostic for ATN.
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