Define and give examples of several vestigial structures
What will be an ideal response?
Vestigial structures are structures that were functional in the ancestor of the species, but no longer are used, although present. In many cases, vestigial structures are smaller remnants of the original structure. Vestigial structures include our appendix, coccyx, and wisdom teeth, and remnant hipbones in snakes and whales.
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Four of the five answers listed below are compounds associated with anaerobic pathways. Select the exception
a. pyruvate b. lactic acid c. ethanol d. oxaloacetate e. phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL)
The mechanism of action of many common medications involves interfering with the normal pathways that cells use to respond to hormone signals. Which of the following best describes a drug interaction that directly interferes with a signal transduction pathway?
(A) A medication causes the cell to absorb more of a particular mineral, eventually poisoning the cell. (B) A medication enters the target cell and inhibits an enzyme that normally synthesizes a second messenger. (C) A medication enters the target cell's nucleus and acts as a mutagen. (D) A medication interrupts the transcription of ribosomal RNA genes.
In angiosperms, the male gametophyte develops within ________
A) male cones B) filaments C) anthers D) stigma
Which of the following processes occurs in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?
A. RNA processing, including adding a cap and a tail B. transcription C. translation D. DNA replication