Austin chose not to study for his first psychology exam and received a failing grade. As a result, his parents reduced the amount of money they were sending him for personal expenses. This reduction is money is an example of a:
a. positive reinforcement.
b. negative reinforcement.
c. positive punishment.
d. negative punishment.
d
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You and your daughter are walking down the street and you run into a man who has long hair and is wearing a pink polo shirt. Based on this visual, your 4-year-old daughter:
a. would likely think he is a woman. b. would likely think he is a man. c. would likely think he is a man and a woman. d. would likely think he is neither a man nor a woman.
Ashley has always heard the maxim that daily exercise is an effective weight-control method. She notices that her classmates: Madison, Jess, and Liz are slender. Ashley most likely ____.
A. deduces that her slender classmates exercise daily B. induces that her slender classmates exercise daily C. deduces that her slender classmates eat fewer daily calories D. induces that her slender classmates eat fewer daily calories
Which of the following has been suggested as a reason adolescent females are depressed more often than adolescent males?
A. Females have a more negative view of their own body than do males. B. Females are not good at ruminating about their problems. C. Puberty comes later for girls, and that makes them feel more stressed. D. Males face more discrimination at school than females.
How many threats to internal validity must researchers contend with?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 7 D) 9 E) 20