Three of the following teachers are providing scaffolding to help their students learn. Which one is not necessarily providing scaffolding?
a. Ms. Applegate gives her students a structure to follow when they write their first essay.
b. Mr. Bernardo teaches students how to perform an overhand throw by gently guiding each student through the correct movement a few times.
c. Ms. Chen gives her class some hints about how to solve an especially difficult word problem.
d. Mr. Donaldson takes his students on an all-day field trip to the art museum.
d
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The t-test can be characterized as a regression (linear) model if
A. The outcome variable is categorical. B. The groups have equal sample sizes. C. The experimental groups are represented by a binary variable (i.e. coded 0 and 1). D. A t-test is always different from regression.
What is the major drawback of using percentile ranks to describe students' performance on a standardized test?
a. Even many low-achieving students tend to get above-average percentile scores. b. Percentiles tend to underestimate how much students have actually learned. c. Because most students get fairly low scores, they become easily discouraged and their self-efficacy decreases. d. Students in the middle range can be quite similar in achievement and yet have scores that are somewhat dissimilar.
Which of the following characteristics is an advantage of using norm-referenced tests to assess academic achievement?
A. the ability to compare achievement levels across students B. linking assessment with classroom instruction C. measuring monthly progress
In 2011, about 7% of all teenagers aged 16 to 24 dropped out of high school. The dropout rate is more than twice as high among __________ youth.
A. Black B. Hispanic/Latino C. Asian American D. White