List and briefly describe the five most common inferential errors discussed in the text
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Answers:
1. single-cause etiologies—attributing all of the client’s life challenges to one source
2. availability heuristic—overusing a point of view because of some compelling course, article, lecture, or other experience.
3. confirmatory bias—tending to notice things that support our hypothesis and ignore things that don’t support it
4. fundamental attribution error—explaining our own behavior situationally and other people’s behaviors by attributing them to personality traits or inherent characteristics
5. illusory correlations—assuming causation when, sometimes, two things occur at the same time by chance
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All psychodynamic theories share the idea that
a. experiences from childhood resonate in adult personalities. b. it is important for the therapist to be cool and aloof. c. experiences from childhood do not resonate in adult personalities. d. the unconscious is a convenient myth in psychotherapy. e. at optimum functioning, the most that a person can do is control natural urges in order to function socially.
The mental status examination and the intake interview are examples of:
A. unstructured interviews B. motivational interviews C. strengths-based interviews D. structured interviews
Briefly describe what the counselor with a psychodynamic orientation does during the initial stage of treatment
What will be an ideal response?
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. The majority of Arab Americans are Muslim. 2. There are three main sects of Islam, Sunnis, Shiites, and Sufis. 3. The term Palestinian refers to people whose ancestors originated in Palestine following the establishment of the State of Israel in1948. 4. The country with the largest concentration of Muslims is in the Middle East. 5. Arab Americans are among the most educated group in the United States.