Which of the following is the structure that allows blood to flow from the right atrium of the fetal heart
directly to the aorta, thus bypassing the nonfunctioning lungs?
a. ductus arteriosus
b. fossa ovalis
c. ductus venosus
d. foramen ovale
e. allantois
A
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The lacZ gene is commonly used as a reporter gene, because its substrate lactose is well known and easily measured
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
You expect that a mutation in E. coli that was recently isolated results in loss of enzyme R activity. In looking for the gene, you find comparable sequences. Using an in vitro transcription translation system, you use the gene obtained from the mutant, as well as a wild type E. coli as a control. Following protein isolation and gel electrophoresis, you observe that the wild type E. coli produces
a protein that is 35K in size, corresponding to enzyme R. However, the mutant strain produces a protein that is 25K in size. What does this information suggest? A) A nonsense mutation has occurred, resulting in a truncated, nonfunctional product in the mutant. B) A large addition has occurred in the wild type strain, such that approximately 35 tandem repeats of this gene are present and are biologically active. C) A missense mutation has occurred, resulting in a truncated, nonfunctional product in the mutant. D) all of the above E) Not enough information is given.
Exergonic reactions
A. occur when ADP binds to inorganic phosphate to form ATP. B. occur during aerobic cellular respiration. C. do not occur in anaerobic cellular respiration. D. include synthesis of large carbohydrates. E. only occur in heterotrophs.
A gene that produces a protein that influences the expression of other genes is specifically called a(n)
a. activator. b. structural gene. c. repressor. d. regulator gene. e. constitutive gene.