A behavioral psychologist tries to train a bird to climb a tree to get a reward of a piece of fruit. At first, the bird learns how to climb the tree with its legs and beak. After a while, it starts flapping its wings and hopping around before it starts to climb. Eventually, the bird flies up to the piece of fruit, even though that prevents it from getting the fruit. According to the Brelands' analysis of biological constraints, the bird is demonstrating __________.
A. response generalization
B. instinctive drift
C. the law of effect
D. stimulus discrimination
Answer: B
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The reaction-range model is best described as a(n) __________ account of individual differences in intelligence.
A. genetic B. social C. environmental D. interactionist
Smith et al. (2012) gave people 8 to 17 years of age a test of executive functioning and the Iowa Gambling Task, in which people choose either risky decks of cards with big payoffs-and big potential losses-or less-risky decks with lower payoffs but fewer losses. They found that executive functioning scores improved steadily from 8 to 17 years of age and __________.
A. children generally chose the riskier decks, whereas adolescents chose the less-risky decks B. the tendency to choose risky decks first increased in early adolescence, and then decreased in middle to late adolescence C. the tendency to choose risky desks first decreased in early to middle adolescence, and then increased in late adolescence D. there was a steady improvement with age in the tendency to choose less-risky decks and reject riskier decks
According to the Big Ten Suicide Study, which student below is MOST likely to commit suicide?
a. Leigh Anne, who is 26 years old. b. Mac, who has changed majors at least five times. c. Elise, who maintains contacts with family and peers from home. d. Edward, who has access to alcohol and weapons.
An infant will turn his head toward anything which touches his cheek. This is the ________ reflex
a. rooting b. Moro c. grasping d. sucking