All of the following can mask a deficiency of VWF and thus of type 1 VWD except:
a. Type A blood group
b. Pregnancy
c. Acute stress
d. Type AB blood group
ANS: A
The concentration of VWF is low in VWD, type 1. VWF is an acute phase reactant and is thus elevated in acute stress. Higher estrogen levels during pregnancy also elevate VWF. Individuals with type AB blood type have higher levels of VWF. All these can thus mask VWD.
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