All of the following are criticisms of Skinner's system except that:
a. operant conditioning cannot change behavior.
b. research from pigeons cannot be generalized to humans.
c. it has a deterministic view.
d. it ignores human qualities such as conscious free will.
ANS: A
FEEDBACK: Those who oppose determinism find much to dislike in Skinner's views. They argue that the exclusive emphasis on overt behavior ignores uniquely human qualities such as conscious free will. There has been criticism of the type of subject and the simplicity of the situations in Skinner's experiments. Some critics ask, can we extrapolate from a pigeon pecking at a disc to a person functioning in the real world? The gap seems too vast to permit broad generalizations.
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