What are the differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
What will be an ideal response?
Eukaryotes possess a nucleus that is separated from the rest of the cell by a double-layered nuclear membrane. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus. Prokaryotes also lack all membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticula, and Golgi bodies. Such organelles are present in eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are generally also much smaller than eukaryotes, and are usually unicellular.
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Turner Syndrome (XO) is the only viable monosomy found in humans. Some sex chromosome trisomies are also viable, including XXX, XXY, and XYY. There are no viable autosomal monosomies, and a small handful of viable
autosomal trisomies exist, such as trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), and trisomy 13 and 18, both of which are lethal within the first year of life. Clearly, aneuploidy is not tolerated well in humans. Speculate as to why there are so few viable monosomies (only one) in humans, and why there are so few viable trisomies. Also, speculate as to why aneuploidy involving the sex chromosomes is better tolerated than those involving autosomes.
What will be an ideal response?Pre-mRNA is modified on its 5' end by ____
a. exon shuffling b. the addition of a poly(A) tail c. mRNA splicing d. the addition of a guanine cap e. aminoacylation
Apoptosis is ____
a. cell determination b. cell induction c. a mechanism of cellular adhesion d. programmed cell death e. cell differentiation
Lymphocytes
A. possess MHC antigens for recognizing self. B. gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self. C. have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens. D. develop into clones of B and T-cells with extreme variations of specificity. E. All of these choices are correct.